Subprime Lending and Low-Income Communities

Center for Community Capital researchers compared subprime mortgage lending across the United States with the location of low-income and minority communities.

Maps (below) of each U.S. congressional district compare the two:

• Left side of map — shows the location of low-income and minority residents.
• Right side of map — shows the location of subprime loans made in that district.

Subprime Lending Maps

Congressional District	% Black & Latino	Average Median Income	% of Subprime Loans
Alabama
01	29%	$32,780.21	30%
02	30%	$31,861.88	30%
03	33%	$29,930.99	29%
04	8%	$30,931.98	37%
05	19%	$39,674.97	26%
06	11%	$49,448.61	24%
07	62%	$27,394.50	44%
Alaska
00	7%	$52,328.24	22%
Arizona
01	20%	$34,240.26	26%
02	16%	$46,714.71	30%
03	16%	$55,493.53	27%
04	65%	$30,203.59	49%
05	16%	$57,391.40	22%
06	19%	$53,933.35	28%
07	53%	$31,811.31	36%
08	22%	$45,502.86	20%
Arkansas
01	18%	$28,876.46	30%
02	22%	$36,939.07	24%
03	8%	$34,415.76	23%
04	27%	$29,356.13	34%
California
01	19%	$41,418.00	20%
02	15%	$33,822.07	27%
03	14%	$52,086.20	24%
04	10%	$51,139.71	18%
05	35%	$39,593.64	35%
06	16%	$62,298.44	15%
07	38%	$52,294.23	30%
08	26%	$58,639.31	11%
09	45%	$49,952.83	26%
10	21%	$71,956.92	23%
11	24%	$61,049.31	24%
12	18%	$60,754.77	13%
13	28%	$66,062.00	21%
14	21%	$87,670.42	12%
15	19%	$79,325.14	14%
16	41%	$69,582.15	22%
17	46%	$51,386.01	22%
18	47%	$35,408.65	39%
19	32%	$42,393.00	41%
20	68%	$28,402.16	44%
21	47%	$38,619.95	33%
22	27%	$44,371.72	34%
23	46%	$46,599.29	21%
24	24%	$63,468.71	17%
25	35%	$55,007.20	38%
26	29%	$64,570.44	22%
27	42%	$51,570.13	30%
28	59%	$43,191.67	31%
29	32%	$48,179.45	19%
30	11%	$79,699.41	13%
31	73%	$27,585.10	32%
32	66%	$41,481.51	31%
33	65%	$34,228.96	31%
34	81%	$30,383.22	34%
35	81%	$34,650.74	40%
36	33%	$53,866.49	16%
37	69%	$35,417.17	40%
38	74%	$44,682.79	35%
39	67%	$46,295.64	33%
40	33%	$57,898.11	24%
41	29%	$39,878.06	37%
42	27%	$73,557.25	20%
43	71%	$35,619.80	45%
44	41%	$56,433.35	31%
45	43%	$40,802.05	34%
46	21%	$66,500.13	16%
47	66%	$42,908.16	39%
48	17%	$75,309.27	15%
49	35%	$47,761.00	31%
50	21%	$67,761.40	16%
51	63%	$41,561.82	31%
52	17%	$57,157.96	19%
53	37%	$40,157.10	20%
Colorado
01	40%	$43,548.05	38%
02	16%	$58,507.82	20%
03	22%	$36,292.00	25%
04	18%	$43,547.97	24%
05	16%	$46,935.56	24%
06	8%	$75,965.91	21%
07	26%	$48,781.73	31%
Connecticut
01	24%	$49,331.47	25%
02	7%	$56,111.40	21%
03	19%	$50,936.21	27%
04	24%	$80,124.00	22%
05	16%	$55,964.95	25%
Delaware
00	24%	$48,655.59	23%
District of Columbia
98	68%	$43,110.31	23%
Florida
01	17%	$36,627.54	25%
02	26%	$34,848.23	23%
03	52%	$29,999.16	47%
04	19%	$44,338.14	26%
05	10%	$35,161.23	31%
06	17%	$38,614.82	30%
07	17%	$44,174.09	28%
08	26%	$44,869.20	34%
09	13%	$45,855.21	30%
10	8%	$38,657.86	28%
11	47%	$34,324.06	43%
12	24%	$37,646.33	39%
13	13%	$43,599.62	25%
14	14%	$46,327.14	32%
15	18%	$41,522.98	32%
16	15%	$42,543.53	32%
17	76%	$30,645.31	55%
18	68%	$40,933.57	36%
19	19%	$49,537.46	33%
20	32%	$47,416.71	33%
21	77%	$45,677.21	43%
22	15%	$56,811.96	25%
23	61%	$32,469.18	45%
24	17%	$45,398.61	30%
25	73%	$44,757.26	45%
Georgia
01	26%	$36,098.92	25%
02	48%	$29,085.96	34%
03	42%	$29,821.00	37%
04	62%	$52,205.58	38%
05	61%	$36,853.17	34%
06	12%	$79,649.13	20%
07	13%	$61,806.68	26%
08	18%	$52,545.95	29%
09	17%	$40,135.83	26%
10	13%	$41,462.88	29%
11	34%	$37,718.14	34%
12	46%	$29,973.69	62%
13	50%	$44,367.71	43%
Hawaii
01	7%	$55,371.52	21%
02	10%	$51,479.50	24%
Idaho
01	7%	$37,947.57	24%
02	9%	$37,928.88	24%
Illinois
01	72%	$33,956.43	52%
02	72%	$41,389.66	58%
03	28%	$47,672.96	35%
04	78%	$36,989.44	38%
05	26%	$51,263.54	26%
06	15%	$66,343.80	26%
07	67%	$37,363.55	35%
08	13%	$67,731.11	26%
09	23%	$54,213.67	23%
10	18%	$83,388.55	21%
11	15%	$46,765.88	30%
12	18%	$27,795.18	29%
13	10%	$73,982.19	24%
14	23%	$54,596.90	28%
15	8%	$40,369.66	22%
16	12%	$48,349.17	28%
17	10%	$34,824.89	30%
18	8%	$42,365.55	21%
19	5%	$38,298.75	21%
Indiana
01	5%	$38,298.75	21%
02	13%	$40,167.01	31%
03	6%	$42,853.35	25%
04	4%	$45,938.04	13%
05	4%	$52,578.39	23%
06	5%	$39,044.75	31%
07	34%	$36,309.38	41%
08	4%	$36,637.00	26%
09	4%	$39,293.00	25%
Iowa
01	6%	$38,704.20	24%
02	5%	$40,720.79	20%
03	6%	$42,853.35	25%
04	3%	$38,703.23	25%
05	4%	$37,141.34	31%
Kansas
01	13%	$35,002.03	28%
02	8%	$38,223.95	26%
03	16%	$53,775.32	23%
04	13%	$42,254.54	26%
Kentucky
01	8%	$30,250.85	31%
02	7%	$35,460.25	28%
03	20%	$40,794.23	25%
04	32%	$40,607.37	24%
05	17%	$21,554.06	36%
06	10%	$38,982.00	24%
Louisiana
01	18%	$42,922.48	22%
02	64%	$23,226.66	33%
03	26%	$34,483.00	33%
04	35%	$30,661.87	36%
05	35%	$27,281.73	38%
06	35%	$37,298.30	32%
07	26%	$32,425.97	29%
Maine
01	1%	$42,496.84	21%
02	1%	$32,947.00	31%
Maryland
01	13%	$53,664.59	21%
02	28%	$45,949.49	36%
03	20%	$54,777.77	25%
04	64%	$60,894.27	40%
05	33%	$64,324.29	33%
06	5%	$49,814.47	22%
07	60%	$39,503.87	38%
08	30%	$77,958.27	23%
Massachusetts
01	8%	$43,269.87	23%
02	15%	$44,263.80	27%
03	9%	$51,127.12	22%
04	5%	$58,035.33	18%
05	13%	$59,462.97	22%
06	6%	$59,038.36	17%
07	8%	$62,381.81	19%
08	38%	$40,736.22	23%
09	13%	$57,924.49	23%
10	3%	$54,443.56	17%
Michigan
01	2%	$34,320.35	28%
02	10%	$41,473.76	26%
03	14%	$47,139.38	28%
04	3%	$39,335.22	26%
05	22%	$39,966.84	34%
06	12%	$41,086.32	28%
07	8%	$45,825.59	29%
08	8%	$57,372.17	25%
09	11%	$73,357.06	21%
10	4%	$53,847.34	23%
11	6%	$61,641.59	24%
12	13%	$48,406.33	35%
13	68%	$32,396.35	60%
14	63%	$36,872.94	59%
15	14%	$51,304.54	30%
Minnesota
01	4%	$42,549.22	23%
02	4%	$64,219.24	23%
03	6%	$66,978.29	4%
04	12%	$47,815.33	28%
05	19%	$42,531.27	29%
06	2%	$59,831.03	24%
07	3%	$36,591.00	25%
08	1%	$37,221.31	26%
Mississippi
01	28%	$32,922.95	23%
02	64%	$27,676.61	23%
03	2%	$32,949.88	4%
04	24%	$32,195.00	28%
Missouri
01	52%	$33,527.82	48%
02	4%	$51,744.66	19%
03	11%	$41,534.15	28%
04	4%	$34,840.36	29%
05	29%	$37,472.09	37%
06	5%	$42,097.44	28%
07	4%	$34,616.25	27%
08	5%	$27,894.41	66%
09	5%	$37,571.37	24%
Montana
00	2%	$33,199.26	21%
Nebraska
01	6%	$41,534.38	21%
02	16%	$48,424.22	23%
03	6%	$33,949.01	34%
Nevada
01	40%	$43,451.78	38%
02	18%	$46,912.86	24%
03	21%	$53,949.04	30%
New Hampshire
01	2%	$40,387.19	22%
02	2%	$50,481.36	24%
New Jersey
01	25%	$48,838.84	28%
02	24%	$44,903.74	25%
03	12%	$58,061.70	22%
04	14%	$57,542.61	21%
05	6%	$77,072.05	17%
06	28%	$57,088.97	25%
07	11%	$78,388.04	17%
08	38%	$45,040.32	30%
09	26%	$54,503.33	25%
10	71%	$39,807.88	46%
11	9%	$82,923.94	15%
12	17%	$73,284.89	17%
13	58%	$38,336.91	32%
New Mexico
01	45%	$41,626.77	24%
02	51%	$29,019.59	29%
03	40%	$37,762.90	23%
New York
01	11%	$64,520.81	26%
02	24%	$74,050.63	34%
03	9%	$74,990.83	16%
04	31%	$69,986.97	37%
05	27%	$59,909.48	15%
06	70%	$46,592.07	47%
07	57%	$38,661.38	33%
08	17%	$45,218.47	8%
09	2%	$49,091.35	21%
10	79%	$35,286.31	44%
11	71%	$37,285.05	32%
12	58%	$33,010.76	30%
13	17%	$49,314.90	25%
14	17%	$56,279.97	6%
15	78%	$28,374.16	10%
16	93%	$15,871.11	43%
17	51%	$48,291.82	32%
18	25%	$78,835.05	18%
19	12%	$67,228.21	23%
20	4%	$44,601.93	23%
21	10%	$41,320.98	29%
22	16%	$38,454.40	28%
23	4%	$35,664.07	25%
24	5%	$35,915.87	23%
25	9%	$44,096.96	20%
26	5%	$46,844.55	21%
27	9%	$36,605.82	24%
28	34%	$31,819.30	30%
29	4%	$42,556.60	21%
North Carolina
01	52%	$28,437.00	30%
02	37%	$35,240.01	24%
03	23%	$37,279.86	18%
04	26%	$52,637.76	17%
05	11%	$40,956.94	23%
06	14%	$44,373.17	24%
07	63%	$33,411.57	21%
08	34%	$37,741.99	29%
09	15%	$57,033.77	23%
10	13%	$36,924.29	26%
11	7%	$34,229.76	21%
12	53%	$32,834.07	34%
13	32%	$41,649.74	25%
North Dakota
00	2%	$34,985.00	19%
Ohio
01	28%	$37,964.14	32%
02	5%	$48,462.77	22%
03	18%	$42,140.72	28%
04	6%	$39,111.02	30%
05	5%	$42,128.43	28%
06	3%	$32,317.92	27%
07	8%	$44,114.75	29%
08	5%	$35,097.71	28%
09	17%	$40,337.70	28%
10	10%	$41,872.51	27%
11	57%	$34,182.03	44%
12	23%	$49,493.22	25%
13	15%	$45,481.26	28%
14	4%	$55,650.16	22%
15	10%	$45,087.06	26%
16	6%	$41,710.79	28%
17	13%	$35,555.96	34%
18	3%	$34,450.88	33%
Oklahoma
01	15%	$42,515.38	28%
02	6%	$29,183.49	38%
03	9%	$32,515.22	32%
04	11%	$35,700.12	28%
05	22%	$35,243.70	28%
Oregon
01	10%	$50,066.29	22%
02	9%	$35,937.53	23%
03	13%	$43,427.12	25%
04	5%	$37,422.97	24%
05	11%	$45,391.03	24%
Pennsylvania
01	58%	$28,698.12	36%
02	65%	$34,180.28	32%
03	5%	$35,880.99	22%
04	5%	$35,880.99	22%
05	4%	$45,172.02	20%
06	2%	$33,965.55	23%
07	10%	$58,865.26	17%
08	7%	$60,004.08	17%
09	6%	$60,034.06	14%
10	3%	$34,010.38	23%
11	5%	$34,517.25	30%
12	4%	$30,462.06	27%
13	8%	$54,680.97	18%
14	23%	$30,692.99	32%
15	10%	$45,527.70	21%
16	13%	$46,460.78	17%
17	10%	$40,121.19	22%
18	3%	$46,186.47	19%
19	6%	$44,541.78	20%
Rhode Island
01	11%	$42,203.03	25%
02	14%	$44,586.96	30%
South Carolina
01	24%	$40,353.11	23%
02	30%	$44,955.19	25%
03	22%	$36,457.63	28%
04	23%	$37,583.36	27%
05	34%	$35,099.46	30%
06	58%	$28,307.16	38%
South Dakota
00	2%	$34,213.11	21%
Tennessee
01	4%	$30,898.00	27%
02	7%	$36,033.00	26%
03	12%	$35,150.00	30%
04	6%	$32,063.00	17%
05	29%	$40,869.00	25%
06	9%	$38,894.00	27%
07	17%	$42,416.00	23%
08	23%	$33,839.00	35%
09	62%	$33,462.68	44%
Texas
01	28%	$33,205.53	29%
02	31%	$45,189.56	35%
03	26%	$66,542.02	24%
04	18%	$37,874.49	27%
05	25%	$41,694.66	35%
06	28%	$46,403.11	32%
07	25%	$68,360.71	24%
08	18%	$42,201.97	28%
09	69%	$37,116.92	49%
10	29%	$55,875.96	29%
11	34%	$33,584.21	32%
12	29%	$43,373.60	30%
13	23%	$33,676.86	27%
14	34%	$42,157.22	27%
15	76%	$28,848.04	43%
16	81%	$31,821.13	34%
17	26%	$35,305.75	29%
18	75%	$30,949.74	45%
19	34%	$32,659.21	29%
20	74%	$31,297.00	38%
21	23%	$58,909.98	17%
22	30%	$58,659.00	31%
23	57%	$38,343.00	24%
24	28%	$60,668.58	28%
25	75%	$26,611.43	37%
26	30%	$45,592.37	26%
27	73%	$31,505.00	36%
28	74%	$31,435.00	36%
29	76%	$32,196.00	53%
30	75%	$35,054.34	47%
31	39%	$43,117.63	21%
32	44%	$59,380.22	25%
Utah
01	12%	$47,062.02	25%
02	6%	$50,022.31	23%
03	10%	$49,212.20	30%
Vermont
01	1%	$40,700.85	18%
Virginia
01	21%	$51,618.77	29%
02	25%	$46,069.12	35%
03	58%	$33,254.17	24%
04	35%	$42,880.26	27%
05	25%	$35,597.96	35%
06	13%	$37,602.21	32%
07	17%	$55,124.42	24%
08
09	5%	$29,992.00	28%
10	14%	$76,772.25	21%
11	19%	$76,772.25	22%
Washington
01	6%	$61,392.63	18%
02	7%	$47,030.62	24%
03	6%	$44,506.22	26%
04	27%	$38,591.61	25%
05	6%	$37,322.86	23%
06	11%	$39,468.87	29%
07	14%	$48,799.83	15%
08	6%	$67,461.51	21%
09	13%	$48,164.59	29%
West Virginia
01	2%	$30,223.63	23%
02	4%	$33,079.41	25%
03	4%	$25,482.67	28%
Wisconsin
01	10%	$49,854.93	24%
02	7%	$50,079.98	16%
03	1%	$39,800.32	23%
04	44%	$32,081.91	43%
05	3%	$49,404.26	16%
06	3%	$43,886.12	22%
07	1%	$38,461.87	23%
08	3%	$42,937.44	19%
Wyoming
00	7%	$38,418.50	26%

Background on Research

The Center for Community Capital created these maps in 2007 at the request of the Center for Responsible Lending, a nonprofit advocacy group, which distributed them to members of the U.S. Congress to expose discriminatory practices in subprime mortgage lending.

Subprime loans are those loans issued to persons with low or blemished credit scores. Greater attention has been paid to subprime mortgage lending practices since it has been demonstrated that these loans are disproportionately issued to low income and minority populations.

Notes and Data Sources

Unit of observation: Census tracts

N/A:	Census tracts for which no data is displayed for one of two reasons: 1. Census tract boundaries do no necessarily coincide with congressional district boundaries. Therefore, each census tract was "assigned" entirely to the congressional district within which a majority of its area lies. 2. No data was available for the census tract.
Left-hand map:	Below 80% District Median Income — median income was obtained for each census tract with a majority area within the congressional district, and then averaged. The average was then multiplied by 80% to arrive at the value that equals 80% of the Area Medium Income. This number will differ for each congressional district. Above District % Black and Latino — for each census tract within the congressional district, total, black and Latino populations were totaled. The total black and Latino population for the district was divided by the total district population to arrive at the percentage of blacks and Latinos in the district, and thus differs for each congressional district.
Right-hand map:	Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data was used to determine the total number of mortgages issued, and the total number of subprime mortgages issued by census tract for 2005 and 2006. This map displays subprime mortgage issuance as a percentage of total mortgage issuance by census tract.